There are six foundation lessons that I use to introduce you and your horse to clicker training.  These are described in Lesson 1: Getting Started with the clicker.  These include: targeting, "the grown-ups are talking please don't interrupt - i.e. teaching stillness, head lowering, "happy faces", backing, and going to a mat.

There are also six main teaching strategies.  These include: freeshaping, targeting, capturing, modeling, molding, and shaping on a point of contact - i.e. the use of pressure and release of pressure.  In this lesson the focus is on pressure and release of pressure.  How do you use pressure based signaling in a way that is clicker compatible?

Lesson 2 begins with a discussion of negative reinforcement: what it is and what role it plays in horse training in general, and clicker training in particular. The video shows you how to take the horse training skills you already know and combine them with clicker training. That’s one of the great strengths of clicker training: it piggy backs so well onto other training methods. You don’t have to throw away everything you have already learned about horse training. You take the best of what you know and combine it with clicker training to make it even better.
 
Clicker training makes use of two powerful training shortcuts. The first is targeting. The second is negative reinforcement, or more simply put, pressure and release of pressure. This later is something that all horse training, no matter how gentle or harsh, has in common. Pressure and release of pressure is the way we communicate with horses. When you take the slack out of a lead or a rein to ask for a turn, you are using pressure. When you add leg, or shift your weight in the saddle to signal a change of gait, you are using pressure.  When you run your hand down your horse’s leg to ask him to pick it up, you re using a tactile cue - pressure and release of pressure.  

Pressure is our universal language. To be safe around horses, they need to learn to move away from pressure. The question is not whether we make this part of our training, but HOW we teach it to the horse. In clicker training pressure becomes information the horse uses to get to his reinforcement faster. From his point of view he is just playing the children’s game of “hot and cold".  Pressure is not meant to intimidate or cause pain.  It is there to help him solve training puzzles.
 
Lesson 2 shows you how to introduce the concept of moving away from pressure to your horse. It begins with a very simple exercise which is particularly useful for pushy, bargy horses: backing in a stall or small paddock.
 
The purpose of this lesson is twofold: to teach your horse to move away from pressure and to teach him how to maneuver his body in tight, trappy spaces. This later piece connects the turning of his hips to tactile cues from you and gives you control of his feet.
 
When a horse is first asked to back near a wall, many horses will feel stuck. They don’t realize that they can just swing their hindquarters over and continue to back. Instead the only options they see are either barging forward over the handler, or planting their feet and growing roots.
 
Through this very simple exercise we are teaching a horse to be more aware of his whole body. As he learns to swing his hips to the side and to back out of your space - click! -good things happen. All the pressure goes away AND he gets a treat. In addition to learning an important physical skill, he’s also learning emotional control and relaxation.
 
He’s going to discover that turning into a freight train and barging over the top of you isn’t the only solution available to him. When he finds himself in a tight, trappy situation, instead of panicking or freezing, he can look to you for guidance to help him out.
 
Working in a stall or small paddock helps a horse learn how to maneuver his body, and it also helps the handler learn how to set his horse up for success. The video uses slow motion and freeze frame footage to teach the handling skills needed for this lesson.

The original video for this lesson was shot in 1999.  This new streaming version of Lesson 2 includes this original video, plus updates to this lesson. 
 
From backing in a stall the video lesson progresses to basic leading. Here I let Max, a three month old Friesian colt, and his owner teach the lesson. Backing, moving the hips and shoulders, yielding softly to pressure on a lead, and the beginnings of ground tying are illustrated clearly by this youngster.
 
The second half of the tape extends the concept of moving away from pressure to teach the beginnings of lateral work. I use my own horse, Robin, a Cleveland Bay cross, to illustrate how you can focus on individual parts of the horse and get them moving in the direction you ask for.  Robin was two years old when this footage was shot.
 
This “duct tape" lesson, as I refer to it, is the cornerstone in the development of both basic control and all upper-level performance work. The video shows you how you can take a basic “move away from pressure" lesson and combine it with the clicker to produce an incredibly light, and responsive horse. This is the beginning of the development of the beautiful, elegant carriage that has become the hallmark of our clicker-trained horses.
 
It’s all well and good to watch a trained horse perform, but it’s often much more useful to see how you work with a horse who doesn’t know anything about the lesson. In the final section of the tape, you get to watch our Icelandic stallion, Sindri.  Sindri was imported from Iceland.  When this footage was shot, Sindri had been in the country for less than two weeks.  You are watching his second in-hand clicker training session.
 
Sindri began this lesson by crowding in on me and wrapping his body around mine. Never mind lateral work, just walking a straight line with him was our first goal. Sindri’s eagerness to be right there next to you made this almost impossible. The solution was to teach him to move his hips and shoulders away from tactile cues. The result was the beginning of lateral work and lunging.
 
If you have ever felt totally left out when you have listened to an experienced horse person describing a horse’s movement, this part of the video is for you. The slow motion segments in this tape will help you see what the balance issues the lesson addresses.  The demos will explain why these lessons are so important for a horse's long-term well being.
 
From lunging to lateral work you’ll learn how to ask a horse to carry himself in balance instead of crowding in to you. Through slow motion and freeze frame footage, I highlight the important handling skills you’ll need for this lesson, and the responses you can expect from your horse. In addition to a basic clicker lesson, you’ll be training your eye to see and understand the balance shifts that help a horse perform at his best.


This DVD was first produced in 2000.  The new streaming version was produced in 2024 with many updates added.